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In Iran, strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) is grown in two main regions in the west (Kurdistan Province) and north (Mazandaran, Guilan and Golestan Provinces) of the country. Criniviruses emerged as a major agricultural threat worldwide among strawberries. To monitor two criniviruses, strawberry crinivirus 3 (SCrV-3) and strawberry crinivirus 4 (SCrV-4), 23 strawberry plants showing virus-like symptoms were collected from commercial fields in the west and north of Iran and subjected to RT-PCR. Total RNA was extracted using a silica-capture method, cDNA was synthesized and PCRs were conducted using SCrV3mF (5ʹ- TTGTCATAAGGAGGCACAGC -3′) and SCrV3mR (5ʹ- GCTCTTGTCATAGGCACGAA -3′) (this work), and SCrV4f1 (5ʹ- CCAATTCTGATCCTATCCTTAGT -3′) (Chen et al. 2018) and SCrV4mR1 (5ʹ- AGGCGCGAAATCCAAACTTC -3ʹ) (this work) designed from conserved partial virus sequences available in GenBank. Expected RT-PCR products of ~ 673 bp and ~1362 bp in size were obtained from 11 and four samples for SCrV-3 and SCrV-4, respectively, and sequenced. SCrV-3 was detected in samples from both regions, whereas SCrV-4 was detected only from western Iran, suggesting that SCrV-4 may not be evenly distributed in Iran. Nucleotide BLAST analysis confirmed that the two sequences belonged to SCrV-3 and SCrV-4 and were submitted to GenBank as accession numbers OL631153 and MZ868643, respectively. The SCrV-3 sequence shared 98.6% nucleotide identity with the 1a coding region of isolate M1 of SCrV-3 (EU267168) from Maryland, USA. The Iranian SCrV-4 isolate shared 82.4% nucleotide sequence identity with the 1a coding region of isolate B1156-M3 of SCrV-4 (EU490423) from Maryland, USA. Both SCrV-3 and SCrV-4 have been reported so far in North America (Ding et al. 2016; Diaz-Lara et al. 2021) and China (Chen et al. 2018). To our knowledge, this is the first report of SCrV-3 and SCrV-4 infecting strawberry in Iran.
References
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Diaz-Lara A, Stevens KA, Klaassen V, Hwang MS, Al Rwahnih M (2021) Sequencing a Strawberry Germplasm Collection Reveals New Viral Genetic Diversity and the Basis for New RT-qPCR Assays. Viruses 13:1442
Ding X, Li Y, Hernández-Sebastià C, Abbasi PA, Fisher P, Celetti MJ, Wang A (2016) First report of strawberry crinivirus 4 on strawberry in Canada. Plant Dis 100:1254
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Hajizadeh, M., Zandan, N.G., Kashiha, Z. et al. First report of strawberry crinivirus 3 and strawberry crinivirus 4 in strawberry in Iran. J Plant Pathol 104, 825 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-022-01035-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-022-01035-z