Growth of resonances and chaos for a spinning test particle in the Schwarzschild background

Ondřej Zelenka, Georgios Lukes-Gerakopoulos, Vojtěch Witzany, and Ondřej Kopáček
Phys. Rev. D 101, 024037 – Published 17 January 2020

Abstract

Inspirals of stellar-mass compact objects into supermassive black holes are known as extreme mass ratio inspirals. In the simplest approximation, the motion of the compact object is modeled as a geodesic in the space-time of the massive black hole with the orbit decaying due to radiated energy and angular momentum, thus yielding a highly regular inspiral. However, once the spin of the secondary compact body is taken into account, integrability is broken and prolonged resonances along with chaotic motion appear. We numerically integrate the motion of a spinning test body in the field of a nonspinning black hole and analyze it using various methods. We show for the first time that resonances and chaos can be found even for astrophysically relevant values of the spin of the test body. On the other hand, we devise a method to analyze the growth of the resonances, and we conclude that the prolonged resonances we observe are only caused by terms quadratic in spin and will generally stay very small in the small-mass-ratio limit. Last but not least, we compute gravitational waveforms by numerically solving the Teukolsky equations in the time-domain and establish that they carry information on the motion’s dynamics. In particular, we show that the time series of the gravitational wave strain can be used to discern regular from chaotic motion of the source.

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  • Received 1 November 2019

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.101.024037

© 2020 American Physical Society

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Gravitation, Cosmology & AstrophysicsGeneral Physics

Authors & Affiliations

Ondřej Zelenka1,2,*, Georgios Lukes-Gerakopoulos1,†, Vojtěch Witzany1,‡, and Ondřej Kopáček1,§

  • 1Astronomical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Boční II 1401/1a, CZ-141 00 Prague, Czech Republic
  • 2Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany

  • *ondrej.zelenka@uni-jena.de
  • gglukes@gmail.com
  • witzany@asu.cas.cz
  • §kopacek@ig.cas.cz

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Issue

Vol. 101, Iss. 2 — 15 January 2020

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