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Macroinvertebrate assemblages in acidified mountain lake inflows differs from lake outflows: the influence of lakes

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Abstract

This synoptic study of inflows and outflows of eight atmospherically acidified glacial lakes in the Bohemian Forest, the Czech Republic and Germany, investigated how the presence of lakes on headwater streams changes the water chemistry and concurrently macroinvertebrate assemblages. The extent of changes in water chemistry was assessed in relation to lake morphometry (max. depth, lake volume and area, water residence time (WRT)). The inflows exhibited a wide pH gradient, from 3.9–6.3, while pH of outflows ranged from 4.6–5.9. Lakes generally increased the temperature, reduced the acidity of outflows and were net sinks for dissolved nutrients but sources of their particulate forms and N-NH4+. However, we only found significant relationships between N-NH4+ and WRT; other relationships between differences in physico-chemical parameters and lake morphometry were nonsignificant. Comparisons of macroinvertebrate groups indicate that the numbers of Plecoptera, Trichoptera, and Diptera taxa were significantly higher in inflows than in outflows. Plecoptera dominated in inflows whereas the abundance of Ephemeroptera was significantly higher in outflows. The higher abundance of Diptera in outflows was due to the family Simuliidae, probably benefiting from the supply of food (seston) from lakes. We found a significant positive relationship between pH and the number of macroinvertebrate taxa in inflows, but not in outflows. This lack of significancy was most probably caused by the low number of sites (7), the narrow pH range, and several factors that influenced outflows: higher temperature, altered water chemistry, the input of lake taxa, and higher content of food.

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Acknowledgements

This manuscript was financially supported primarily by the project of the Czech Science Foundation (GAČR) (Austrian-Czech Lead Agency project—Austrian Science Fund FWF No. 19770/Czech Science Foundation No. 20-00892L) and by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic (DKRVO 2019–2023/5.I.d, National Museum, 00023272). We wish to express our gratitude to Jindřiška Bojková, Martin Fikáček, Jiří Hájek, Miroslav Papáček, Jan Rucki, and Tomáš Soldán for their help in species identifications. The authors also wish to thank Jakub Horecký, David Hardekopf and Jaroslav Vrba for their contribution to this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biology Centre CAS, Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic

    Kateřina Dočkalová, Takaaki Senoo, Jiří Kopáček, Lenka Kamasová & Evžen Stuchlík

  2. Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01, Prague, Czech Republic

    Daniel Vondrák, Filip Beneš & Jolana Tátosová

  3. Department of Entomology, National Museum, Cirkusová 1740, 193 00, Prague, Czech Republic

    Pavel Chvojka

  4. Povodí Labe, State Enterprise, Víta Nejedlého 951, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic

    Jan Špaček

  5. Faculty of Science, Matthias Belius University, Tajovského 40, 974 01, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia

    Peter Bitušík

  6. Uni Research, Uni Environment, Thormöhlensgt. 49 B, 5006, Bergen, Norway

    Arne Fjellheim

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  1. Kateřina Dočkalová
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Contributions

All authors contributed to this study:

• material preparation: Evžen Stuchlík, Jolana Tátosová

• data collection: Takaaki Senoo, Lenka Kamasová, Evžen Stuchlík, Pavel Chvojka, Jolana Tátosová, Peter Bitušík

• chemical analysis: Jiří Kopáček, Evžen Stuchlík

• biological determination: Takaaki Senoo, Lenka Kamasová, Filip Beneš, Pavel Chvojka, Jan Špaček, Peter Bitušík

• data analysis: Kateřina Dočkalová, Daniel Vondrák, Evžen Stuchlík, Jiří Kopáček, Arne Fjellheim

The first draft of the manuscript was written by Kateřina Dočkalová, Evžen Stuchlík, and Takaaki Senoo, and all authors commented on previous version of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Kateřina Dočkalová.

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Dočkalová, K., Senoo, T., Vondrák, D. et al. Macroinvertebrate assemblages in acidified mountain lake inflows differs from lake outflows: the influence of lakes. Biologia 77, 2593–2607 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-022-01144-1

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