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All the colors of the world: biotic homogenization-differentiation dynamics of freshwater fish communities on demand of the Brazilian aquarium trade

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Abstract

Non-native freshwater fish introduced via the aquarium trade can cause major changes at the community level over time and space, resulting in dynamics context dependencies within homogenization process. We investigated fish biodiversity in anthropogenically impacted headwater creeks (i.e., under elevated propagule pressure) located in southeastern Brazil, through a standardized sampling program. We assessed ichthyological community composition with the aim of quantifying spatio-temporal dynamics across creeks. We divided the sampling period according to decades, in which “2000s” represented 2003, 2004, 2005, and 2006, while “2010s” represented 2015. Changes in pairwise community similarity indicated biotic homogenization in the 2000s (i.e., communities became more similar over time). In contrast, changes in pairwise similarity in the 2010s indicated biotic differentiation. We suggest that these changes are caused by the extirpation of both native and non-native species due to environmental degradation and the occurrence of six new non-native species. The beta-diversity increased between sampling seasons and creeks across decades, also indicating biotic differentiation. Our study provides strong evidence for a transition phase from biotic homogenization to differentiation of fish communities over time, caused by interaction between older environmental degradation and more recent impacts from the Brazilian aquarium trade, reinforcing the importance of simple, practical, and inexpensive long-term studies to understand biodiversity-related processes.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the ornamental fish farmers who granted access to their properties and Antonia Ford (University of Roehampton, United Kingdom), for correction of English version and comments. ALBM thanks Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES/PNPD) for postdoctoral research grants. The authors are thankful to Dr. André A. Padial (Federal University of Paraná - UFPR) for suggestions in the first draft of the manuscript; we also are thankful to the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for the constant research productivity grants provided to JRSV (PQ Process Numbers: 302367/2018-7 and 303776/2015-3). We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologias para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Ouro Branco, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    André L. B. Magalhães & Luiz G. M. Silva

  2. Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação, Departamento de Engenharia Ambiental, Setor de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil

    Vanessa S. Daga & Jean R. S. Vitule

  3. Institute of Hydrobiology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic

    Luis A. V. Bezerra

  4. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil

    Jean R. S. Vitule

  5. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Conservação e Manejo de Vida Silvestre, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Claudia M. Jacobi

  6. Institute for Land, Water and Society, Charles Sturt University, Albury-Wodonga, Australia

    Luiz G. M. Silva

Authors
  1. André L. B. Magalhães
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  2. Vanessa S. Daga
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  3. Luis A. V. Bezerra
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  4. Jean R. S. Vitule
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  5. Claudia M. Jacobi
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  6. Luiz G. M. Silva
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to André L. B. Magalhães.

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Guest editors: André A. Padial, Julian D. Olden & Jean R. S. Vitule / The Aquatic Homogenocene

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Magalhães, A.L.B., Daga, V.S., Bezerra, L.A.V. et al. All the colors of the world: biotic homogenization-differentiation dynamics of freshwater fish communities on demand of the Brazilian aquarium trade. Hydrobiologia 847, 3897–3915 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-020-04307-w

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