Metformin acutely lowers blood glucose levels by inhibition of intestinal glucose transport

0504410 - FGÚ 2020 RIV GB eng J - Článek v odborném periodiku
Horáková, Olga - Kroupová, Petra - Bardová, Kristina - Burešová, Jana - Janovská, Petra - Kopecký, Jan - Rossmeisl, Martin
Metformin acutely lowers blood glucose levels by inhibition of intestinal glucose transport.
Scientific Reports. Roč. 9, Apr 16 (2019), č. článku 6156. ISSN 2045-2322. E-ISSN 2045-2322
Grant CEP: GA ČR(CZ) GA16-08124S
Institucionální podpora: RVO:67985823
Klíčová slova: metformin * blood glucose * small intestine * glucose transport * mice * AMP-activated protein kinase
Obor OECD: Endocrinology and metabolism (including diabetes, hormones)
Impakt faktor: 3.998, rok: 2019
Způsob publikování: Open access
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-42531-0

Metformin is currently the most prescribed drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in humans. It has been well established that long-term treatment with metformin improves glucose tolerance in mice by inhibiting hepatic gluconeogenesis. Interestingly, a single dose of orally administered metformin acutely lowers blood glucose levels, however, little is known about the mechanism involved in this effect. Glucose tolerance, as assessed by the glucose tolerance test, was improved in response to prior oral metformin administration when compared to vehicle-treated mice, irrespective of whether the animals were fed either the standard or high-fat diet. Blood glucose-lowering effects of acutely administered metformin were also observed in mice lacking functional AMP-activated protein kinase, and were independent of g lucagon-like-peptide-1 or N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors signaling. [F-18]-FDG/PET revealed a slower intestinal transit of labeled glucose after metformin as compared to vehicle administration. Finally, metformin in a dose-dependent but indirect manner decreased glucose transport from the intestinal lumen into the blood, which was observed ex vivo as well as in vivo. Our results support the view that the inhibition of transepithelial glucose transport in the intestine is responsible for lowering blood glucose levels during an early response to oral administration of metformin.
Trvalý link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0296049