Fungi in Extreme Environments: Ecological Role and Biotechnological Significance

0519754 - MBÚ 2020 RIV CH eng M - Část monografie knihy
Hujslová, Martina - Gryndler, Milan
Fungi in Biofilms of Highly Acidic Soils.
Fungi in Extreme Environments: Ecological Role and Biotechnological Significance. Cham: Springer Nature, 2019 - (Tiquia-Arashiro, S.; Grube, M.), s. 185-203. ISBN 978-3-030-19029-3
Grant CEP: GA ČR GA17-09946S
Institucionální podpora: RVO:61388971
Klíčová slova: Acidity * Biofilm * Soil * Extremophilic fungi
Obor OECD: Microbiology

Acidophilic fungi colonize highly acidic environments (including soils), where other closely taxonomically related fungi cannot grow. Currently known fungal species inhabiting highly acidic sites can be regarded as extreme or moderate acidophiles with broad ecological amplitude. No obligate acidophilic fungus has been described to date. The most abundant biological structures encountered in highly acidified water environments are the microbial communities forming biofilms, which reflects the notion of biofilm formation as adaptation to extreme conditions (here the extreme acidity). Because the majority of soil microorganisms are living in the biofilm, significant analogies in ecology of acidophilic organisms inhabiting the soil and organisms inhabiting biofilms in other acidic environments (streamers, slimes, mats, snottites) are probable. Observations of extremophilic fungal taxa in acidic soils and other acidic environments suggest that it is the acidity of the environment and not its type what substantially determines the community of the inhabiting fungi. Acidophily of fungi (including those living in acidic soils) is probably connected with their life strategy as biofilm inhabitants and represents a general ecological phenomenon that merits serious scientific study.
Trvalý link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0304745